Edith Fowke, scholar and expert on Canadian folklore, accepts the definitions that it is 'material that is handed on by tradition, either by word of mouth or by custom and practice' and that it is 'the hidden submerged culture lying in the shadow of the official civilization about which historians write.' In this survey she discusses collectors, folktales, folk music, minor genres, (speech, riddles, proverbs, childlore), folk arts and material culture, folklife and customs, and analyses the literature on these subjects. There is an extensive bibliography.